[英语]强调句的翻译

蓝水儿

强调句
意义：在英文中，句子的主语、宾语、状语都可以写进一定的句式里以表示对它的强调。
方法：
1. It is / was + 被强调的部分 + that ( who, which ) + 句子的其他部分；
2. What … is / was …这种句式就称为强调句。强调句主要有两种形式。
见到上面的形式就知道应该是强调句了，当然，强调句不一定会出现这样的特定结构但是出现这样的结构的就一定是强调句。

下面我们来具体地看一下强调各个部分应该如何解释呢？

1、例句：Western health-care system are spending huge sums of money on the surgical treatment of the disease.
成分分别为：主语+谓语+宾语+状语，这个句子不难，这么分颜色相信大家都能看懂了。
意思为：西方国家医疗保健机构在心脏病的手术治疗上开支巨大。

强调主语
It is Western health-care system that (which) are spending huge sums of money on the surgical treatment of the disease.
翻译为：正是西方国家医疗保健机构，在心脏病的手术治疗上开支巨大。

强调宾语
It is huge sums of money that ( which ) Western health-care system are spending on the surgical treatment of the disease.
翻译为：西方国家医疗保健机构在心脏病的手术治疗上，开支确实是巨大的。

强调状语
It is on the surgical treatment of the disease that Western health-care system are spending huge sums of money.
翻译为：西方国家医疗保健机构，就是在心脏病的手术治疗上付出了巨大的开支（的机构）。
总之就是，原句里使用的是这种强调方式，就将句中强调的部分单独翻译，剩下的部分再按顺序翻译。

2、What … is / was … （这个不能说是不常用，而是在我们阅读文章的时候往往会不注意这个句型）
"What … is / was …"是名词从句结构，也是强调句的另一种构成形式。它常用来强调主语、宾语。如果所叙述的是现在或者将来发生的事情用"What is … that…"的句式；如果所叙述的是过去发生的事情用"What was … that…"的句式。

例句：What he wishes most is to become a pilot.
（强调宾语）他最希望的是成为一名飞行员。
What interested me most in that movie was the beautiful scenery of Alps.
（强调主语）那部电影使我最感兴趣的是阿尔裨斯山那美丽的风景。

强调主语
1、It was Ann Peters' husband that (who) rushed her to a nearby hospital last night.
昨晚，正是安妮.彼德的丈夫，立即送她去了附近医院。

强调宾语
2、It was her (she) that (who) Ann Peters' husband rushed to a nearby hospital last night.
昨晚安妮.彼德的丈夫立即送的是她，去附近医院。

强调状语
3、It was to a nearby hospital that Ann Peters' husband rushed her last night.
昨晚安妮.彼德的丈夫立即送她去的就是一家附近的医院。

强调状语
4、It was last night that Ann Peters' husband rushed her to a nearby hospital.
就是在昨晚，安妮.彼德的丈夫立即送她去附近医院。

强调宾语
5、What I like is her speaking manner.
我喜欢的是她说话的风度。

强调主语6、What encouraged us was the example he set for us.
给予我们鼓励的是他为我们树立的榜样。