[2006 Text 4]People in earlier eras were surrounded by reminders of misery: They worked until exhausted, lived with few protections and died young. In the West, before mass communication and literacy, the most powerful mass medium was the church, which reminded worshippers that their souls were in danger and that they would someday be meat for worms. Given all this, they did not exactly need their art to be a bummer too.
The word “bummer”(Line 5, Paragraph 5) most probably means something________.
[A] religious [B] unpleasant [C] entertaining [D] commercial
分析：bummer的本意是流浪汉。但是考研文章中出现的生词一般都不会是原意，所以要根据上下文的逻辑关系来猜。由划线词bummer后面的too,可以断定bummer和它的上一句是并列关系。然后通过分析得知上一句是说，“在西方，在大众传媒和读写普及之前，最强大的大众媒介是教堂，它提醒信徒们，他们的灵魂处于危险之中，他们总有一天会成为蛆虫的食物”。后面一句是说，“知道了这些事情，他们不需要他们的艺术也做同样的事情”。所以根据并列关系，就可以推测出bummer的意思和B unpleasant 相近。
[2004 Text 1] Instead, the best strategy is to use the agent as a kind of tip service to keep abreast of jobs in a particular database; when you get E-mail, consider it a reminder to check the database again.
The expression “tip service” (Line 3—4, Paragraph 3) most probably means________.
[A] advisory [B] compensation [C] interaction [D] reminder
分析：tip 的意思很多，比如“顶端，小费，提示”等，但是考研文章中出现的生词一般都不会是原意，所以要根据上下文的逻辑关系来猜。由句中的分号，可判断上下两句之间的关系是并列。上一句提到，可以把代理当作一种tip service, 下一句则对这个词进行了解释：当你收到电子邮件时，把它当作是提醒再次检查资料库的提示，所以reminder和tip service 是前后呼应，互为其解。
最后，选出选项后一定要代入文章，看其是否与文中的语境、句子的结构相符，语义是否流畅来进行检验。
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